Defence, Terrorism & Security
Reaching the OSCE Summit in Astana
IPI
This 8-page issue brief examines the main issues at stake in the forthcoming OSCE summit in Astana and considers the relevance and future direction of the OSCE
Defence, Terrorism & Security, European UnionPosted: 2010-10-07
Can the AKP's Kurdish Gamble Pay Off?
GMFUS
This 3-page analysis considers Turkey's political dilemma in respect of Kurdish demands for greater autonomy
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-10-06
Democratic Governance Challenges of Cyber Security
DCAF
This 50-page Swiss working paper examines the democratic governance concerns arising due to the pace at which states and private companies are reinforcing online security and preparing for cyber war
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-10-05
Russia, the United States, and Cyber Diplomacy: Opening the Doors
EastWest Institute
This 32-page report calls for Russia and the United States to work together to protect the world’s digital infrastructure, including joint participation in NATO-Russia cyber military exercises
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-10-03
Sudan: Negotiating Southern Independence
SWP
A 7-page German commentary assessing the prospects for the Sudan referendum on southern independence
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-10-01
Beyond Boundaries in the Middle East
Stimson Center
This 39-page US report proposes an innovative, "whole-of-society" approach to bridging the security/development divide in the Middle East that would leverage donor investments in both security assistance and development assistance, so as to ensure recipient state buy-in and an enduring return on investment
Regional, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-10-01
Waging War, Building States
Hoover Institution
This US essay examines the growing importance of nation-building as part of security strategy
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-10-01
Mozambique: Balancing Development, Politics and Security
Chatham House
A 35-page UK paper considering the challenges posed to peace and security in Mozambique
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-30
The Way Forward in Afghanistan
U.S. Senate
The text of a 6-page address on the way forward in Afghanistan
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-09-30
Terrorism Out of Somalia
CEIP
This Q&A assesses the danger of terrorism originating in Somalia, analyzes Shabab’s links with the global al-Qaeda network, and details how the United States should respond
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-09-28
A Progressive Nuclear Policy: Rethinking Continuous-at-sea Deterrence
RUSI Journal
This 6-page article argues that there is instead a great opportunity for Britain to take the lead as the most progressive of the nuclear weapons states by reducing the readiness and size of its strategic force
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Disarmament & PeacekeepingPosted: 2010-09-27
Nuclear Security After the Washington Summit
RUSI Journal
A 6-page commentary on the Washington summit on nuclear security
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-27
The Arctic: A View from Moscow
CEIP
This 44-page report offers a view from Moscow on what the opening of the Arctic means.
Energy, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-27
Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 2002-2009
CRS
An 89-page US report on conventional arms transfers to developing nations by the United States and foreign countries for the preceding eight calendar years
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Globalisation & International TradePosted: 2010-09-26
Guinea: Reforming the Army
Crisis Group
This 37-page report examines in detail how the vital medium-term reorganisation of the Guinea armed forces is critical to addressing dysfunctional political dynamics and providing long-term stability in West Africa
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-09-23
The Lebanese Army: Victim of the Politicians
CEIP
A US article discussing the political constraints on the development of the Lebanese Army
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-09-22
The Shiites of Saudi Arabia
Hudson Institute
This article analyzes the dilemmas facing the Saudi regime in its relationship with its Shiite subjects, following the strengthening of Shiite Iran
Regional, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-20
Mexico: The Bicentennial And Beyond
FPRI
A US essay on Mexico's internal security situation
Crime, Law & Order, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-16
Lifting the Nuclear Threat Isn’t a Pipe Dream
Europe'sWorld
An article explaining why 2010 is a key year in the campaign to free the world of nuclear weapons
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-16
Decisions and Destinies: Asian Security in 2010
Lowy Institute for International Policy
This 4-page Australian paper assesses how recent security choices in Asia - especially at sea - could have long-term consequences for peace or conflict
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-09-16
Twelve Reasons to Support New START
ACA
This US issue brief highlights the reasons why New START deserves prompt approval and briefly addresses several of the questions raised by treaty sceptics
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-16
The United Nations Security Council and Civil War: First Insights From a New Dataset
IPI
This 56-page report examines trends in how the Security Council has engaged with civil wars since 1989 and the gradual evolution of the Council’s civil-war response strategies, including where and when it chose to engage
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-15
The Terrorist Attack on a Japanese Oil Tanker in the Strait of Hormuz
The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center
An Israeli report on a recent terrorist attack on a Japanese oil tanker in the Strait of Hormuz
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-15
Hamas’ Khaled Mesh’al Sets Out His Movement’s Policy Directions
AMEC, Al-Sabeel
The 30-page translation of an interview with Hamas leader Khaled Mesh'al, covering the policy direction of Hamas on a number of critical issues: negotiations with Israel, recognition of Israel, resistance, Jews, Christians and women
Regional, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-15
Eurasian Security Arrangements Face Reality Check After Kyrgyzstan Crisis
SIPRI
This Swedish essay describes how the bloody events in Kyrgyzstan in the summer of 2010 have created a new security situation in Eurasia
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-09-15
Experts Meeting in Advance of the 2011 BWC Review Conference
INSS
An Israeli article assessing the progress of biological weapons control
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-15
Iraq and the United States: The Required Long Term Strategic Partnership
INSS
An Israeli article considering Iraq's future security needs
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-09-15
Britain and France: A Dialogue of Decline?
Chatham House
A 47-page study examining Anglo-French defence co-operation and implications for the European and Euro-Atlantic security and defence relationships
Defence, Terrorism & Security, European UnionPosted: 2010-09-15
Internet Governance in an Age of Cyber Insecurity
CFR
A 48-page US report that examines the technological decisions that have enabled both the Internet’s spectacular success and its troubling vulnerability to attack. It then outlines an agenda that the United States can pursue in concert with its allies on the international stage to improve security
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Crime, Law & OrderPosted: 2010-09-04
Avoiding a Tempest in the South China Sea
CFR
This US brief describes how new tensions in the South China Sea are a growing test to China's relations with the United States and China's Southeast Asian neighbours
Regional, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-04
Testing North Korean Waters
Nautilus Institute
An article criticising past US policy towards North Korea
Foreign Policy, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-09-02
If India Tests? The Implications for the Indo-U.S. Civil-Nuclear Deal
IDSA
This 10-page Indian issue brief assesses the probable US response in the event of India resuming nuclear testing
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-08-27
America Leaves Iraq: A Strategic Appraisal
IDSA
An Indian commentary assessing the future prospects of Iraq as well as the strategic lessons learnt by the United States during its seven-year involvement in the country
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-08-27
A Complex War in the Shadows
ORG
This 4-page UK briefing looks at recent developments in Afghanistan and the United States’ increasingly shadowy war against al-Qaida. It also examines the planned withdrawal of US combat forces from Iraq and the debate about the US withdrawal from Afghanistan due to start in July 2011
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-26
The Perilous Slog of Asymmetric Warfare: A Better Way Forward in Afghanistan
CCC
This 26-page US paper explores the utility of special operations forces (SOF) in association with tribal engagement
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-25
Understanding Female Suicide Terrorism in Sri Lanka through a Constructivist Lens
CCC
A 25-page US paper arguing that three primary factors suggest a constructivist interpretation provides a more sufficient tool for understanding the use of female suicide bombers: 1) a number of institutional programs promoted discrimination, suppression and violence against Tamil society; 2) the LTTE organization was able to harness discontent and mobilize women as protectors of the Tamil nation; and 3), the above two factors were skillfully wrapped in a narrative of cultural liberation that outlined the necessity of female martyrdom
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-25
Comprehensive Responses to Gender Based Violence in Low-Resource Settings
Population Council
This 56-page report reviews the findings, lessons learned, and promising practices in the provision of comprehensive SGBV services in sub-Saharan Africa
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Human RightsPosted: 2010-08-25
Ending the Gaza Blockade: But How?
SWP
A 4-page German commentary on the need to end the Gaza blockade and the difficulties involved
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-23
WMD, Drugs, and Criminal Gangs in Central America
Stimson Center, Stanley Foundation
A 26-page US project report illustrating the intimate nexus between human development and security in Central America
Crime, Law & Order, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-23
The EU and the Gaza Blockade
ISS
This 4-page analysis argues that a clear distinction between Hamas and the Gaza population would allow for a two-pronged strategy to both end the closure policy and revive representative peacemaking
Regional, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-22
Aggression in the Court
CFR
A US article discussing the issue of the ICC's jurisdiction over the crime of aggression
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Crime, Law & OrderPosted: 2010-08-22
The Point of No Return
The Atlantic
A US article assessing who, if anyone, will stop Iran before it goes nuclear, and how?
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-08-20
Afghanistan's National Security Forces
CFR
A US article assessing the capacity of Afghanistan's military
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-20
Thailand: No Longer the Land of Smiles?
Chatham House
This 19-page UK paper assesses the political situation in Thailand
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-19
Intelligence Cooperation and Torture
Chatham House
This 8-page UK paper is a summary of an International Law Discussion Group that examined the legal and policy implications of relying for counterterrorism purposes on intelligence extracted by torture in third countries
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Human RightsPosted: 2010-08-19
ESDP Operations and the Challenges of Evolving Multilateral Security
Cicero Foundation
An 8-page paper on the role of the ESDP in a fluid multilateral security environment
European Union, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-19
The Saudi Arms Deal
INSS
An Israeli commentary on a reported new deal for the US to supply arms to Saudi Arabia
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-18
Understanding the Role of Bureaucracy in the ESDP
EIoP
A series of articles examining the role of bureaucracy in the ESDP
European Union, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-18
The Case against Nuclearization of South Asia
ACDIS
This 33-page US paper explores the regional implications of nuclearized India and Pakistan
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-18
Cross-Border Terrorism in India: Counterterrorism Strategies and Challenges
ACDIS
A 31-page US paper offering recommendations for improving India's institutional capabilities, inter-agency coordination, and international cooperation in order to more effectively combat cross-border terror
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-18
New Players in the Dispute over Iran’s Nuclear Program: Brazilian, Turkish and Iranian Objectives
BASIC
An 11-page paper examining the role of Turkey and Brazil in relation to Iran's nuclear programme
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-18
Chad: Beyond Superficial Stability
Crisis Group
This report highlights Chad's chance to escape the political and military crisis of the past five years
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-17
Policy Reforms and Homeland Security: The Question of Organisation
Australian Policy and History
A 2-page Australian article addressing the question of how to improve inter- security agency coordination
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-08-16
Instability and Humanitarian Conditions in Chad
CRS
A 14-page US report on the political and security situation in Chad
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-08-16
Iraq: Politics, Elections, and Benchmarks
CRS
This 26-page US report covers recent political developments in Iraq
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-16
Israel’s Blockade of Gaza, the Mavi Marmara Incident, and Its Aftermath
CRS
A 20-page US report on the Mavi Marmara incident
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-16
Vision and Reality in the Middle East
INSS
This 122-page volume compiles edited versions of presentations delivered in December 2009 at a conference held to probe the most critical and challenging issues on Israel’s national security agenda and then together search for the policies that best advance Israel’s national security interests
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-15
Quantum Surveillance and 'Shared Secrets': A Biometric Step Too Far?
CEPS
A paper arguing for a review into the use of Biometric security technology.
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Personal PrivacyPosted: 2010-08-15
Thinking Differently in an Attempt to Break the Somali Impasse
Afro-Middle East Centre
This 12-page South African paper discusses the origin and history of the current Somali crisis, examines AU interventions, and argues that for the situation to be resolved, a different way of thinking through the issue must be employed
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-08-12
Partnership, Strength, and Presence: Converging Regional Interests and Opportunities in the Gulf
Brookings et al.
The 30-page report of a US conference convened to examine policy options for maintaining international unity in addressing Iran’s defiance of the global community over its nuclear program
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-09
A Third Lebanon War
CFR
An 11-page US contingency planning memorandum considering the implications of a further Israeli-Hezbollah war
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-09
Is the Military Option Back on the Table?
INSS
An Israeli article assessing the US stance regarding military action against Iran
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-08
Drums of War: Israel and the “Axis of Resistance”
Crisis Group
This 38-page report examines rising tensions and heightened dangers on the Israeli-Lebanese border
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-08-02
Afghanistan's Local War: Building Local Defense Forces
Rand Corporation
A 114-page US monograph discussing the viability of establishing local security forces in Afghanistan and addresses concerns about the wisdom of such policies
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-31
Quantum Surveillance and ‘Shared Secrets’
CEPS
This 43-page paper argues that a range of issues needs to be reviewed in light of the increasing privatisation of ‘security’ that escapes effective, democratic parliamentary and regulatory control and oversight at national, international and EU levels
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Personal PrivacyPosted: 2010-07-29
Azerbaijan and Naval Competition on the Caspian
ADA
An article on Azerbaijan's development of a naval presence on the Caspian Sea
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-07-25
The Value of New START Verification
ACA
A US issue brief on the importance of the extensive verification provisions of New START
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-25
Victory Has a Thousand Fathers: Sources of Success in Counterinsurgency
Rand Corporation
A 188-page US monograph examining approaches to counterinsurgency from 30 recent resolved campaigns
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-22
Beyond the Nuclear and Terror Threats: The Conventional Military Balance in the Gulf
INSS
A 16-page Israeli essay on the current arms build-up in the Persian Gulf
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-07-18
A Military Attack on Iran? Considerations for Israeli Decision Making
INSS
A 16-page Israeli paper on the discussion that will necessarily be held by the Israeli leadership as it sits down to reach a decision as to whether to attack Iran's nuclear installations
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-07-18
Iran: The Course is Almost Run
INSS
An Israeli article on the state of international efforts to confront Iran's nuclear program
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-07-18
A Third Lebanon War: CPA Contingency Planning Memorandum
CFR
This 8-page memorandum discusses the most plausible scenarios and associated warning signs of a “Third Lebanon War,” its implications for the United States, and U.S. policy options to reduce the likelihood of renewed Israel-Hezbollah conflict and mitigate the consequences should it occur
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-07-18
Military Action Against Iran: Impact and Effects
ORG
This 14-page UK briefing paper argues that the risk of a military strike threat on Iran grows sharply and warns of a protracted war
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-07-15
Europe Should be Wary of the Russian Bear's Embrace
Europe's World
An article arguing that Europe should be cautious of Russia's apparent belief that its growing economic power and revitalised military influence entitles it to a bigger role in the transatlantic security dialogue
Defence, Terrorism & Security, European UnionPosted: 2010-07-15
Beyond Madrasas: Assessing the Links Between Education and Militancy in Pakistan
Brookings
This 69-page US report takes a fresh look at the connection between schools, including but not limited to Pakistan’s religious seminaries, known as “madrasas,” and the rising militancy across Pakistan
Education, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-15
The Political Battle in Iraq
Brookings
A US report on the political situation in Iraq
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-14
Cash Incentives and Military Enlistment, Attrition, and Reenlistment
Rand Corporation
A 195-page US monograph studying whether enlistment and reenlistment bonuses are effective in maintaining or increasing the supply of personnel to the armed forces
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-14
Hired Guns: Views About Armed Contractors in Operation Iraqi Freedom
Rand Corporation
This 142-page book reports the results of a systematic, empirically based survey of opinions of U.S. military and State Department personnel with Iraq war experience to shed light on the costs and benefits of using private security contractors (PSCs) in the Iraq war
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-14
The Afghan Peace Jirga: Is an End in Sight?
ISAS
This 10-page Singaporean paper considers whether current peace initiatives will lead to durable peace in Afghanistan
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-13
Detection of Nuclear Weapons and Materials: Science, Technologies, Observations
CRS
A 112-page US report on new technologies for the detection of nuclear weapons
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-08
Europe's Virtual Security Debate and a New Transatlantic Relationship
Clingendael
A 14-page Dutch discussion paper analyzing Europe's security situation
Defence, Terrorism & Security, European UnionPosted: 2010-07-08
Future of US Power: Is China Going to Eclipse the United States? Two Possible Scenarios to 2040
RSIS
This 45-page Singaporean working paper discusses how US power may evolve from 2010 to 2040
Regional, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-07-08
Afghan Options
ORG
This 4-page UK briefing examines the challenges and options that NATO forces face in Afghanistan
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-30
Al-Qaeda in Iraq: Eliminating Leaders Will Not Necessarily Cut Lifelines
CEIP
A US article examining the status and prospects of Al Qaeda in Iraq
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-30
Building Security in the Persian Gulf
Rand Corporation
This 202-page US study analyzes Iraq's future, the role of Iran, asymmetric threats, regional reassurance and tensions, and the roles of other external actors, then sets out criteria for a new security structure.
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-06-29
Improving Security Policy in Colombia
Crisis Group
This 16-page briefing analyses FARC’s response to government military pressure during the past eight years and the emergence of alliances between the insurgents and other illegal armed groups
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-06-29
Russian Security Policy and Cooperation with the West
Clingendael
A 6-page Dutch brief arguing that the West needs to find new ways to cooperate with Russia
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-06-29
Beijing’s Tightrope Walk on Iran
Hoover Institution
This 19-page US essay examines China’s interests and policies toward Iran, especially as they affect the United States. It then takes a close look at the lines of apparent debate within China on the Iran nuclear issue and Chinese policy
Foreign Policy, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-28
Why Russia Didn't Act
CFR
A US article explaining Russia's failure to act in Kyrgyzstan
Foreign Policy, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-27
The US–Japan Security Treaty at 50: Entering Uncharted Waters
Clingendael
A 3-page Dutch essay arguing that the US–Japan alliance’s relationship is again today passing through troubled times towards a still uncertain future
Defence, Terrorism & Security, RegionalPosted: 2010-06-24
The Question of International Cooperation in the War on Terrorism
FPRI
A US essay examining trends in interstate cooperation in the war on terrorism
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-06-24
Counterinsurgency in Pakistan
Rand Corporation
This 208-page US monograph analyzes the efforts made by Pakistan against militant groups
Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-24
Energy Security: An Agenda for Research
CFR
This 28-page US summary report presents a broad agenda for energy security research that emerged from a meeting held to assess the security implications of the way the world produces and consumes oil and natural gas
Energy, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-20
Iraq's Slow, Steady Political Progress
CFR
A US brief assessing Iraq's political progress
Governance & Politics, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-20
Implications of a Changing NATO
SSI
This US monograph considers the future of NATO and offers some recommendations
Defence, Terrorism & Security, European UnionPosted: 2010-06-16
Kyrgyz Provisional Government Must Intensify Stabilisation Efforts in South
Crisis Group
A media release offering proposals to Kyrgyzstan's Provisional Government and the international community for ameliorating stabilisation in the South of the country
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Governance & PoliticsPosted: 2010-06-15
The Prospects of Japan-NATO Cooperation
JIIA
A 3-page Japanese commentary on the prospects for Japan-NATO cooperation
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-06-13
Two Sides of the Same Coin: Nuclear Disarmament and the Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy
JIIA
A 3-page Japanese commentary arguing that nuclear disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation should be viewed as two sides of the same coin
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Disarmament & PeacekeepingPosted: 2010-06-13
Strengthening the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime
CFR
This 64-page US paper offers a comprehensive agenda for improvements to the nonproliferation regime
Disarmament & Peacekeeping, Defence, Terrorism & SecurityPosted: 2010-06-09
The Lengthening List of Iran Sanctions
CFR
A US backgrounder on the use of sanctions in respect of Iran's nuclear ambitions
Defence, Terrorism & Security, Foreign PolicyPosted: 2010-06-09